《英语国家社会与文化入门》(上册）TheSocietyandCultureofMajorEnglish-SpeakingCountriesAnIntroduction(BookOne)
Ireland
Unit14IrishCulture:Language,LiteratureandArts
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QuizGivetheEnglishandabriefexplanationforthefollowing:1.爱尔兰英语2.盖尔语3.大河舞4.爱尔兰式曲棍球5.英雄传奇/萨迦6.诺贝尔文学奖获得者
FocalPointstheIrishlanguageandcolonialpolicyHiberno-EnglishtheIrishoraltraditionfolkheritageRiverdanceIrishliteratureNobelPrizewinnersforliteratureJamesJoycepopularsportsscienceandtechnologyinIrelandIrishidentityintheworld
ThisUnitIsDividedintoThreeSectionsTheIrishLanguageandOralCultureTheIrishLiteratureArts,SportsandScience
I.TheIrishLanguageandOralCultureTraditionally,theIrishpeoplespoketheirownlanguage,calledIrishorGaelic.Gaelicisaveryancientlanguagewitharichoralculture.EnglishbecamethedominantlanguageduringtheBritishcolonization.IthasevolvedintoHiberno-English,aversionofstandardEnglishspokenuniversallyinIrelandtoday.Aself-consciousattempthasbeenmadetorevivetheuseoftheIrishlanguageintheRepublicofIreland.
IrishisthenationallanguageaccordingtotheConstitution,butEnglishisthedominantlanguage.Inthe2006census,39%ofthepopulationregardedthemselvesascompetentinIrish.ThepercentagesofpeoplewhosaidtheyspokeIrishdailyoutsidetheeducationsysteminthe2011census
Oraltraditionandoralloreisculturalmaterialandtraditiontransmittedorallyfromonegenerationtoanother.Themessagesortestimonyareverballytransmittedinspeechorsongandmaytaketheformoffolktales,sayings,ballads,songs,orchants.Oralcultureintheformofstory-telling
AsheadoftheIrishgovernment(1932-59),éamondeValerawasastrongadvocateoftheIrishlanguage.éamondeValera(1882–1975)wasoneofthedominantpoliticalfiguresintwentieth-centuryIreland.Hispoliticalcareerspannedoverhalfacentury,from1917to1973;heservedmultipletermsa
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