Unit2AuxiliaryMachineryLesson19OilSeparator
NewWordsandExpressionssuspension[s??spen?n]n.悬浮物mechanism[?mek?n?z?m]n.机制impurity[?m?pj??r?ti]n.杂质accumulate[??kju?mj?le?t]v.集聚contaminant[k?n?t?m?n?nt]n.污染物clarifier[kl?r?fa??]n.分杂机purifier[?pj??r?fa??(r)]n.分水机dirt[d??t]n.污垢
NewWordsandExpressionsperiphery[p??r?f?ri]n.边缘stack[st?k]n.烟囱residual[r??z?dju?l]n.残渣
Centrifugalseparatorsaredesignedforliquid-basedapplications.Usingcentrifugalforce,theyareusedforseparatingsuspensionsconsistingoftwoormorephasesofdifferentdensities,i.e.theycanbeusedforliquid-liquidseparation,forliquid-liquid-solidseparationorforliquid-solidseparation.Theyareequallyaseffectiveatseparatingliquidmixturesatthesametimeasremovingsolids.Themechanismofthecentrifugalseparatorisdiscussedbelow.TheWorkingPrincipleofCentrifugalSeparators
Separationasameansofremovingimpuritiesfromafuelcanbeundertakenbymeansofgravityinasettlingtankorbymeansofcentrifugingthefuel(通过在沉淀柜中利用重力沉降或者对燃料进行离心分离可以去除燃油中的杂质).Bothmethodsworkonthesameprinciplesthatbysubjectingthefueltoaconstantforce,thedensercomponentsofthefueli.e.wateranddirtwillbeseparatedfromthelightercomponentsi.e.thefuelitself.Gravityactingonthefuelasitpassesslowlythroughthetankwillseparatethedensercomponentsfromthefuelwheretheywillaccumulateatthebottomofthetank(seeFig.19-1)(当燃油缓慢通过油柜时，由于重力的作用使得密度更大的成分从燃料中分离出来，这些成分将堆积在油柜底部).Thecontaminantscanthenberemovebysludgingthetank.Separation
SeparationFig.19-1SimpleGravitySeparation
Centrifugingistheprocessbywhichtheeffectsofgravitycanbeamplifiedbytheuseofcentrifugalforcetotheextentthattheseparationprocessbecomesrapidandcontinuous(离心分离法是利用离心力来放大重力的作用，从而使分离过程迅速并且连续).Centrifugesworkbyrapidlyspinningabowlcontainingtheliquid,thusproducingtherequiredcentrifugalforcetoproduceseparation.Thep
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