Unit2AuxiliaryMachineryLesson18SewageTreatmentPlant18.1GeneralIntroduction18.2BiologicalTreatmentSystem18.3Physical-ChemicalSewagesystem18.4AdvancedWastewaterTreatment(AWT)SystemsNewWordsandExpressionsstipulated[?st?pju?le?t?d]a.规定的nutrientenrichmentn.富营养化aquatic[??kw?t?k]a.水生的；水栖的morbidity[m??r?b?d?ti]n.发病率；pathogenic[?p?θ??d?en?k]a.致病的；病原的algalbloomsn.赤潮aeration[e?re??n]n.曝气；通风；充气susceptible[s??sept?bl]a.易受影响的NewWordsandExpressionstertiary[?t????ri]a.第三的；第三位的；tubular[?tu?bj?l?r]a.管状的pathogen[?p?θ?d??n]n.病原体；病菌pulper[p?lp?]n.粉碎机flotationn.浮选Shipsproducewastewaterintwocategories:greywastewaterfromsinks,laundries,andshowers,andblackwastewatercontainingsewage(船舶产生的废水分为两类：来自水槽、洗衣房和淋浴的灰水，以及含有生活污水的黑水).Internationalmaritimelawsrequireblackwastewatertobetreatedbeforedischargeoverboardintothesea.Treatmentofwastewatercanbecarriedoutseparatelyforgreyandblackwastewater,orbothstreamscanbeprocessedbyasharedsystem.(废水的处理可以是对灰水或黑水分别进行处理，或者是将两者合流由一个同一个系统进行处理。)GeneralIntroductionThereareseveralmoderntypesofequipmentfortreatingthewastewater,andthesearesuppliedasacompleteunit,readyforinstallationintheengineroom.Formerlyallwastewaterwascollectedinatankandpumpedoverboardifthevesselwasoutsidethestipulated12nmiledistancefromanycoastline.Thedischargeofsewageintotheseacancreateahealthhazard,whileincoastalareas,sewagecanalsoleadtooxygendepletionandanobviousvisualpollution,whichisamajorproblemforcountrieswithlargeseashore-basedtouristindustries.GeneralIntroductionSewagemayaffectthemarineenvironmentinthreemainways:throughoxygendepletion,bycausingdiseaseandbynutrientenrichment.?Oxygendepletion:Whensewagedecomposes,itusesupoxygenfromthesurroundingwater,andifthedischargedconcentrationistoohigh,theamoun
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